The Worst Storm in Canadian History Free Essays

string(42) " many forest ecosystems in North America\." Ice storms, also referred to as glaze storms, cause considerable damage every year to trees in urban and natural areas. They vary considerably in their severity and frequency. Ice storms are result of the ice formation process, which is influenced by general weather patterns. We will write a custom essay sample on The Worst Storm in Canadian History or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ice accumulates when super cooled rain freezes on contact with surfaces, such as tree branches, that are at or below the freezing point (0’C). This generally occurs when a winter warm front passes through an area after the ground-level temperature reaches or falls below freezing. Rain falls through layers of cooler air without freezing, becoming super cooled. Periodically, other climatic events, including stationary, occluded, and cold fronts, also result in ice storms. The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the1998 ice storm. This paper features three main section: An introduction, the main body (damage to woodland), and finally, a conclusion. In the main body of this paper, the effect of fire and pest/disease is discussed in detail. In the conclusion, comparison is made between fire and pests/disease versus ice storm. By the end of this paper, one should gain a better understanding of the severity of the 1998 ice storm as well as other damaging agents that affect the woodland in eastern North America Ice storms are often winter’s worst hazard. More slippery than snow, freezing rain or glaze is tough and tenacious, clinging to every object it touches. A little can be dangerous, a lot can be catastrophic. Ice storm in Northeastern America has been common but the 1998 ice storm was exceptional. Ice storms are a major hazard in all parts of Canada except the North, but are especially common from Ontario to Newfoundland. The severity of ice storms depends largely on the accumulation of ice, the duration of the event, and the location and extent of the area affected. Based on these criteria, Ice Storm’98 was the worst ever to hit Canada in recent memory. From January 5-10, 1998 the total water equivalent of precipitation, comprising mostly freezing rain and ice pellets and a bit of snow, exceeded 85 mm in Ottawa, 73 mm in Kingston, 108 in Cornwall and 100 mm in Montreal (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998). Previous major ice storms in the region, notably December 1986 in Ottawa and February 1961 in Montreal, deposited between 30 and 40 mm of ice – about half the thickness from the 1998 storm event! (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998). The extent of the area affected by the ice was enormous. Freezing precipitation is often described as â€Å"a line of† or â€Å"spotty occurrences of†. At the peak of the storm, the area of freezing precipitation extended from Muskoka and Kitchener in Ontario through eastern Ontario, western Quebec and the Eastern Townships to the Fundy coasts of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. What made the ice storm so unusual, though, was that it went on for so long. On average, Ottawa and Montreal receive freezing precipitation on 12 to 17 days a year. Each episode generally lasts for only a few hours at a time, for an annual average total between 45 to 65 hours. During Ice Storm’98, it did not rain continuously, however, the number of hours of freezing rain and drizzle was in excess of 80 – again nearly double the normal annual total. One of the most appealing features of Eastern Ontario is the extensive forest cover. This is made up of woodlands of varying structure. These woodlands, as well as natural fencerows, windbreaks, and plantations of pine and poplar, dominate the landscape. Icing impacts may best be understood by treating spatially larger scales, starting with individual trees, proceeding to stands, and finally to forest landscapes. Ice damage to trees can range from mere breakage of a few twigs, to bending stems to the ground, to moderate crown loss, to outright breakage of the trunk. In the 1998 Northeastern ice storm, icing lasted long enough that many trees which were bent over had their crowns glued to the snow surface by the ice in many instances for as long as 3 weeks. Some of those trees actually erect posture after release from the snow, while many others remain bent over after 2 years. The severity of damage is generally believed to be closely related to the severity of winds following the heaviest ice accumulations. Damage varies across a range of severity and subtlety: minor branch breakage; major branch loss; bending over of crowns; root damages; breakage of trunks and in some hardwoods, trunks can be split. Depending on the stand composition, the amount of ice accumulation, and the stand history, damage to stands can range from light and patchy to the total breakage of all mature stems. Complete flattening of stands occurred locally in the Northeaster 1998 storm. In response to more moderate damage, effects on stands could include: shifts in over story composition in favor of the most resistant trees; loss of stand growth until leaf area is restored; and loss of value of the growth due to staining or damage to stem form. The term landscape refers to a ‘group† or a ‘family† of trees. I use the term vaguely because the size and composition of landscapes differ from region to region. The degree of damage is typically highly skewed by area. For example, in the January 1998 Northeaster storm, 1,800,000 ha of damage in Quebec was assessed by the Ministry of Natural Resource: very severe 4.2%, severe 32.0%, moderate 29.9%, and slight/trace 33.9% (The Science of the Total Environment, Volume: 262, Issue: 3, November 15, 2000, pp. 231-242 ). The effects on entire forest landscapes are highly patchy and variable. They also depend significantly on how landowners respond to the damage. Disturbance caused by diseases, by themselves or in conjunction with disturbance by insects, abiotic factors such as drought, fire and wind, and, increasingly, human activities, has played a critical role in the dynamics of many forest ecosystems in North America. You read "The Worst Storm in Canadian History" in category "Essay examples" In the predominantly coniferous forests in western North America there are considerable areas undisturbed directly by human activities. In these areas, diseases kill trees or predispose them to other agents of disturbance, resulting in gradual change in stand composition and structure. In areas disturbed by forest management practices of harvesting or exclusion of fire, increased disease incidence and severity has increased the damage caused by disease, and consequently, the rate of change. In the absence of introduced diseases in the predominantly deciduous forests of the Appalachian region of eastern North America, forests are relatively healthy. Here, forests are disturbed significantly by disease only after they are disturbed or stressed by other agents, predominantly defoliating insects and drought. In the eastern montane coniferous forest, chronic wind damage is a major predisposing factor to disease. Past harvesting practices, introduced diseases and insects, and fire exclusion have in some instances resulted in large areas of similar species and relatively similar ages that exacerbate the magnitude and severity of disturbance by disease. Fire is predominantly a natural phenomenon that burns the forest vegetation, polluting the ozone and wiping out the biodiversity. One major distinction between ice storm and forest fire is the way disaster are caused. The majority of forest fire could arguably be a result of human action and ice storm as an ‘act of god,† an act that is out of human control. Foresters usually distinguish three types of forest fires: ground fires, which burn the humus layer of the forest floor but do not burn appreciably above the surface; surface fires, which burn forest undergrowth and surface litter; and crown fires, which advance through the tops of trees or shrubs. It is not uncommon for two or three types of fires to occur simultaneously. Forest management has been able to reduce the occurrence of this event but many forest fires are out of arm†s length. Humans cause the majority of forest fires. Campers that do not put out their bond fire or campers littering lit cigarette bud are responsible for such an action. Natural occurrence such as lightning could spark a forest fire but the probability is small compared to human action. The convention way of putting out or reducing the spread of forest fire has been airliners. These airliners are filled with gallons and galloons of water. With limited capacity, these airliners fly above the flame and deposit galloons of water. For the purpose of this paper, deforestation simply means the lost of trees where the lost of trees exceeds the level of sustainable development. One of the major effects of forest fire is the burning of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. This eventually creates a greenhouse affect and global warming. The effect damages our ecosystem as well as reduces one of Canada†s precious natural resource. Many projects, both from government funding and corporate sponsors, have done a good job increasing the awareness and risk related to deforestation. Pests directly affect the quantity and quality of forest nursery seedlings and can indirectly cause losses by disrupting reforestation plans or reducing survival of out planted stock. The movement of infested stock can disseminate pests to new areas. Since control of nursery pests may be based on pesticide usage, pest outbreaks may lead to environmental contamination. Woodland damage caused by livestock is a well-documented, yet persistent, forest health problem. Soil compaction, root disturbance and trunk/root collar damage caused by livestock reduce the vigor of trees. This paves the way for armillaria root rot, borers and other opportunistic organisms. Livestock also destroy the forest under story (reproduction), which hastens soil erosion and limits the future productivity of the site. The resulting forest decline reduces the quality, value and longevity of current and future trees on the site. Eliminating livestock from woodlands is the first step toward a healthier, more productive forest. As mentioned earlier in this paper, ice storm is a natural phenomenon caused by nature whereas forest fire are a result of human actions and preventable. One of the major differences between fire and ice storm is the rate of damage. Forest fire has a direct impact on the woodlands by changing the diversity of the landscape. Forest fire wipes out an entire landscape of trees causing a release of carbon dioxide. This ‘in lieu† effect results in global warming as well as greenhouse effect. The release of carbon dioxide has a long-term effect to our ecosystem. Carbon dioxide is trapped in our ozone layer making airways less preamble. This trapping effect eventually radiates heat causing global warming. The long-term effect is hazardous and changes our biodiversity. Ice storm has very little affect to our ozone layer. Damage to woodlands as a result of ice storm is concentrated within that area. Ice storm does not spread like fire does so areas that have been hit by an ice storm affect woodlands Pests and disease slowly eroded the quantity as well as quality of woodland. Infected woodland slows the development of growth by eroding the soil limiting the production of trees. Pest control and good forest management could improve the quality and well as productivity in these areas. Pests and diseases cause a slow change in biodiversity. As the woodland become infested, animals feeding from leafs and branch find it less desirable, eventually leaving the area in search of more suitable woodland. Similarly, forest fire, pests and disease spread but at a much slower rate. These agents infect the trees, eventually penetrating the roots and moving on to the next host. As mentioned previous, ice storm does not spread, rather the effect stays within the area. To conclude, fire and pests/disease are similar in the way these agents spread and infect their host. The preceding sentence can be best thought of as a virus infected it†s host as an analogy. Fire spreads at a much faster rate than pests/disease and the impact are instant. Both of these agents have long-term effect, which does not work in our favor. Ice storm affects the area it hits and will not spread. Furthermore, ice storms are predictable whereas fire is not since the cause of fire is human mistake and is hard to predict. Ice storms are not preventable but human actions can be prevented. The potential of damage from fire is far more severe than that of ice storm. We must increase the awareness to ensure that our woodland remains healthy and protect our ecosystem. 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Love and Death in Catcher In the Rye Essay Example For Students

Love and Death in Catcher In the Rye Essay JJ TomsEnglish 2Mrs. MackApril 8, 2014Love and Death in Catcher in the RyeIn this article written by Peter Shaw, Holden Caulfield a fictional character in the world famous novel The Catcher in the Rye gets deeply analyzed. Holden is seen by many as a mentally disturbed adolescent but the source of this disturbance puzzles numerous people who attempt to analyze his mental state. Some believe that society has caused him to become mad and others believe that the source of his insanity stems from a commonly known illness, schizophrenia. Shaw on the other hand has a completely different view on why Holden is the way he is. In Peter Shaws eyes, he sees the guilt that Holden carries from the death of his older brother Allie who died at the age of 10. He also observes that Holden suppresses his ability to fully mature and he also is a slave to the curse of adolescence that we all have experienced at one time or another. Holden Caulfield does not allow himself to move on from his brothers death and continuously carries an unneeded burden of the fault of his siblings passing. Shaw explains that Holdens constant self talking lets him convince himself that he is in fact crazy and the cause of the destruction in his family. Along with blaming himself, he also blames his little sister and says that she also killed Allie even though the child was merely a baby at the time. This form of killed though was not literal but in a figurative meaning of her amusing Allie. Peter Shaw concludes that his inability to not bury Allie and other things from his past has paralyzed him from the maturing process that any normal child would be experiencing. His mourning is continuous and does not allow him to recognize reality from fantasy thus permitting himself to coax the auto diagnosis of craziness. Peter Shaw elucidates the fact that Holden has a habit of prohibiting the idea of both love and death. When he first goes t o the Museum of Natural History he is engrossed in the dioramas of American Indian life. The diorama portrays a couple as he assumes doing their daily works of fishing and weaving and seems to be in complete harmony. None of the exhibits especially this one will ever age of change and the serenity of the image are eternal which gives him a sense of relief. The comparison of this Utopian couple and the exact opposite, Holdens own parents, offsets him and causes him to envision the nonstop fighting that occurs in his home. The Indian couple will never change and never have to move from the spot that they stand in at that moment. Peter Shaw relates this to Holdens idea of maturity and how the burden of becoming an adult can disrupt the serenity of the love that is in front of him which causes him to put a permanent moratorium on love. Holden has a fantasy of being the catcher in the rye. This fantasy is the protector of children who are running throughout the rye fields and are destined to fall off the cliff. Shaw examines this as him catching the children from falling off the cliff which can be perceived as them falling into adulthood and out of their childhood. He wants to catch them from falling into mourning and from what shortly follows that, falling into love. Holden truly believes that adulthood is the key to eternal damnation and unhappiness and the only way to sustain the happiness at hand is to maintain the childhood. When he visits the second museum he finds himself in an exhibit that holds many mummies. Holden experiences a short of ease and a comfort in this room because just like the other, everything will always stay the same. Peter Shaw then concludes that this comfort can also be accompanied by the desire for Allie to be preserved in the room with him, never changing and entitled to an everlasting adolescence. Peter Shaw examines Holdens character as both very observant of the society around him but at the same time has a fallacious judgment from the little information that he holds. Holden represents in the eyes of Shaw, an extreme case of juvenile madness cause by the chains of a guilty conscience, an inability to free himself from the idea of maturity as unhappiness and a perceptive outlook on the world. .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .postImageUrl , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:visited , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:active { border:0!important; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transitio n: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:active , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text- decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Great Gatsby's American Dream Essay

The Fountainhead CompareCont Essay Research Paper In free essay sample

The Fountainhead, Compare/Cont Essay, Research Paper In Ayn Rand s The Fountainhead, there are 2 sort of attitudes and characters which pull from each other and do up the struggle of the narrative. There is Howard Roark the independently believing creative person, and supporter of the narrative, and Henry Cameron, the adult male who had values like Roark, but sold out on his beliefs. There is Peter Keating, the second-hander, who takes recognition for Roark s work, and is more disquieted about what other people think so of what his ain beliefs are. He is similar to Ellsworth Toohey, a parasite to Roark, but worst so Keating because he is non after success in some calling, but instead after power and the devastation of others. Gail Wynand and Dominique Francon are the most unusual and hard brace in the book. Gail Wynand is the industrialist of the narrative, and with his industrial strength, he finds the manner to crush people down with it. Dominique Francon has an interior struggle with herself, with her beliefs in strength and power or honestness and power colliding with each other. Howard Roark s morality and finding are what makes him the narrative s supporter. The fresh centres around the resistance to him from many people. However, Roark neer backs down from the resistance and at the terminal finally conquers it. His attack to life is one of individuality. Even though Cameron held the same ethical motives and beliefs as Roark, he backed down from the resistance and would even do an attempt to convey Roark down with him. While Roark represents a individual who has assurance in what he believes and in honestness, Cameron is a individual who s beliefs weren T strong plenty therefore he surrendered into holding the same ideals as everyone else. Cameron is similar to many Americans during Pre-Civil War times, when many realized bondage was a bad thing, but most forged their beliefs in order to appeal to popular sentiment. # 8220 ; Thousands of old ages ago, the first adult male discovered how to do fire. He was likely burned at the interest he had taught his bro thers to visible radiation. He was considered an sinner # 8230 ; # 8221 ; Peter Keating was the complete antonym of Roark. He would instead appeal to the populace so utilize his ain opinion when doing a determination. He besides is the type that deceives and manipulates people. A all right illustration of this can be found on page 60 where Peter says to Katie, # 8220 ; You see, Katie, you don # 8217 ; T cognize me. I # 8217 ; m the sort that uses people. I don # 8217 ; t want to utilize you. He designs by copying Masterss of the yesteryear, and whenever he needs aid, he asks Ro Ark, so takes all the recognition for himself. His work was second-rate, and really practical, yet he was successful because he appealed to what the populace had been brainwashed into thought was good. Keating besides rises because of the support he receives from Toohey. Toohey is like Keating in that he uses people. In fact Keating is a tool for Toohey, in his pursuit to destruct Roark. Toohey is pure immorality. Unlike Keating, his motivation is non success, but alternatively power and the devastation of Roark. He has a vested involvement in the dependence of followings. That is how he controlled Keating. This makes him the scoundrel of the narrative. Gail Wynand went from shreds to wealths through difficult work, finding, and glare. Wynand is the industrialist in the narrative. Hated and feared, contending the system with his political strength instead than with his strength of will and his honestness, Gail is the antonym of people like Henry Cameron. While Cameron was a adult male of artistic strength beaten for his deficiency of interior strength, Wynand is the adult male of industrial strength who is crushing people with it. Dominique is another force Roark must cover with. Dominique cooperates to convey down Roark ; but queerly she does this out of love for him. In an effort to crush Roark down, she marries Peter Keating. After detecting that he is but a tool of others, she leaves him for Wynand, and discovers that here is a adult male she can love # 8211 ; or is he? Dominique changes her motive to take Roark down upon the realisation that she loves him. The dynamiting of the Cortland Homes lodging undertaking and the courtroom determination to assoil Roark for it is what brings both Gail and Dominique to recognize that one can non accomplish baronial terminals by corrupt agencies, and that immorality is impotent and can non basically ache the good. Howard Roark was the lone person in The Fountainhead. This was a ground for his unpopularity with the remainder of the characters in the book. No 1 was willing to accept alteration. Cameron was a victim of a weak finding, and he wasn t ready to be disliked in the same method Roark was. Wynand, although he had good purposes, carried them out in the improper manner. This holds true for Dominique every bit good. Keatling s free lading second-handedness eventually is revealed at the terminal, and he gets displayed as the fraud that he is. Toohey s evil efforts to destroy Roark are besides defeated at the terminal, when the tribunal acquits Roark of the dynamiting. Toohey could non pinion a creater such as Roark, who was willing to contend proudly in what he believed in.

CSR in the Telecommunications Industry

Definition of CSR According to Baker (2004), corporate social responsibility (also known as corporate citizenship, corporate conscience, sustainable responsible business, or social performance) simply refers to â€Å"how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society.†Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on CSR in the Telecommunications Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this definition, Baker emphasizes that companies need to fundamentally answer to two major aspects of their operations. Firstly, they must be answerable about the quality of their management and secondly, they must answer about the nature of their operations and the impact to the society. Different regions have their own customized understanding of CSR based on the differences in occurrences and endeavors in their areas. For example, in USA, CSR is mostly viewed in terms of a â€Å"philanthropi c model† where companies conduct their businesses with the aim of making profits and contributing to charitable causes as a showing that they are responsible in the corporate world (Baker, 2004). In Europe, the concept of the ‘end justifying the means† allegedly opined in USA’s CSR practices, is replaced by the exact opposite where â€Å"the means justifies the end† (Lattemann et al., 2009). Studies in Africa and Australia are still inconclusive because only a handful of researches have been done (Idemudia, 2011). In UAE and Asia, however, studies show that there is a hybrid of the US and European Models thus different countries in these regions viewing CSR differently (Ihlen et al., 2011). Notably, all these definitions assert that stakeholders and shareholders play a vital role in CSR practices of any industry. It is with this in mind that the CSR practices in the telecommunications industry (especially in the UAE region) will be discussed. Brief Ba ckground of CSR Practices Just like in most industries, CSR in the telecommunications industry can be historically categorized into two factions which are traditional CSR and modern CSR.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Jamali (2007), in the traditional era, a scholar named Carol l asserted that industries showed their corporate social responsibility to stakeholders and shareholders by conducting their businesses in ways that were economically, legally, ethically, and discretionarily viable to their industries. However, as time went by, Jamali says that the traditional perception of CSR was replaced with a modern one where CSR was majorly viewed economically with companies using it to impose their dominance while their customers using it as a ladder into the economic benefits from these companies. More specifically, Schutter (2008) says â€Å"although its roots are of course older, the concept of CSR emerged in the recent official EU discourse with the Conclusions of the Lisbon European Council of March 2000.† The CSR era that began in the mid 1990’s and evolved to a formidable venture in the early 21st century (starting with this EU meeting) is what most researchers refer to as the modern CSR era (Jamali, 2007). Today, CSR has undergone several changes with the terms being used variably, as was earlier mentioned. In the telecommunication Industry, especially in UAE, CSR encompasses activities such as supporting education, raising awareness on various issues such as sicknesses and environment conservation, and supporting the needy people in communities (Schutter, 2008). Approaches to CSR Practices Theoretically, there are several ways in which scholars approach CSR practices. However, in the industrial world, Tang and Li (2009) say that there are â€Å"three distinctive approaches to CSR: CSR as ad hoc philanthropy, CSR as st rategic philanthropy, and CSR as ethical business conduct.† These approaches are the ones that relevantly apply to CSR in the telecommunication industry in UAE and thus will be our main focus.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on CSR in the Telecommunications Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As an ad hoc philanthropy, emphasis on CSR is laid on â€Å"discretionary rationality, i.e. corporations need to contribute to the welfare of society† (Tang Li, 2009). In the telecommunication industry, involvement in CSR is typified by engagement in activities such as sports, education, disaster relief, cultural programs, poverty alleviation programs, and health issues. The strategic philosophy approach is almost similar to CSR as ad hoc philanthropy except that, in the strategic philanthropy, themes engaged in are mostly based on specializations by the involved companies (Tang Li, 2009). For example, a c ompany concerned with disability can contribute towards education of disabled children. Such initiatives go beyond normal charities as the victims and company both end up benefiting (Jamali, 2007). In the ethical business conduct approach, the ideologies are â€Å"based on economic, legal and ethical rationalities† (Tang Li, 2009). In other words, the major issues dealt with here entail ethical business practices such as good handling of customers, fairness in treatment of employers and professional ethics in the engagements with shareholders or even stakeholders (Neu et al., 1988). More specifically, the ethical business conduct approach encourages transparency and accountability of company operations (Poitevin, 1990).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In most cases, CSR as an ethical conduct is facilitated through industry policies. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches in the telecommunication industry are given below. Importance/Advantages of CSR Practice Most of the advantages of CSR have been partly mentioned in the discussions above. However, in summary, CSR offers the following advantages: CSR is recognized widely as an effective way of managing threats to organizational legitimacy. CSR creates an important social capital that helps societies to adjust to harsh realities while encouraging good interrelations among various people. Helps in attracting long-term capital and favorable financial conditions. Helps in raising awareness, staff motivation and attracting new talent. Encourages utmost responsibility by companies and people in various aspects. Facilitates transparency and accountability by organizations. Encourages innovation and creativity while enhancing one’s reputation. Encourages economic de velopment and environmental conservation. Accentuating social stability and general well-being of the concerned populace. Demerits, Challenges and Limitations of CSR Practices On the downside, the following disadvantages have been found: International corporations are often faced with issues like trade barriers which limit full efficacy of CSR initiatives. If mismanaged, CSR can be a very dangerous tool for negative manipulation by those in power. Acclimatizing to various laws, ethics, regulations and rules can be quite difficult—especially for international companies. The presence of various approaches to CSR makes it a viable subject for misinterpretations. Creating a working framework for implementation of CSR practices can be quite strenuous and costly. Some people or companies tend to be overly and non-deservingly favored by the goodwill from CSR practices. Conclusion In conclusion, it is worth stating that change is a gradual process and whatever steps taken in the r ight direction always add up to something significant. Commendably, a lot has been done by the telecommunication industry in UAE to improve its CSR endeavours. However, there is still more that needs to be done in order for them to find ways of strongly sustaining itself and staying devoid of its challenges. References Baker, M. (2004). Corporate social responsibility – what does it mean? Retrieved from http://www.mallenbaker.net/article/clear-reflection/definitions-of-corporate-social-responsibility-what-is-csr Idemudia, U. (2011). Corporate social responsibility and developing countries: moving the critical CSR research agenda in Africa forward. Progress in Development Studies, 11(1), 1-18. Ihlen, Y., Bartlett, J., May, S. (2011). The handbook of communication and corporate social responsibility. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Jamali, D. (2007). The case for strategic corporate social responsibility in developing countries. Business and Society review, 112(1), 1-27. Lattem an, C., Fetscherin, M., Alon, I., Li, S., Schneider, A. (2009). CSR communication intensity in Chinese and Indian multinational companies. Corporate Governance: An international Review, 17(4), 426-442. Neu, D., Warsame, H., Pedwell, K. (1998). Managing public impressions: environmental disclosures in annual reports. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 23(3), 265–282. Poitevin, M. (1990). Strategic financial signaling. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 4, 499–518. Shutter, O. D. (2008). Corporate social responsibility European style. European Law Journal, 14(2), 203-236. Tang, L., Li, H. (2009). Corporate social responsibility communication of Chinese and global corporations in China. Public Relations Review, 35, 199-212. This essay on CSR in the Telecommunications Industry was written and submitted by user Colleen Wing to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Informal essay on the NAFTA essays

Informal essay on the NAFTA essays January 1, 1994 was supposed to be the start of a new economical era for Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. Together, the three nations agreed to lower tariffs on all imported goods and to trade openly with one-another. This agreement was a continuation of the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the Untied States that was ushered in by Prime Minister Brain Malrony, and President Ronald Regan. When Free Trade started between the U.S. and Canada there was much controversy surrounding the effects on Canadians, but the North American Free Trade Agreement did not receive the same public or media attention. Six years after the signing of NAFTA many Canadians are wondering how NAFTA has effected the Country, and what part Mexico and the U.S. played in, what has transpired. Eastern Canada is the heart of industry in this country, and perhaps the most likely to profit from any economic growth, ironically the opposite has happened. Since NAFTA this country has lost over 4000 manufacturing jobs, has the highest unemployment rate of all industrialized countries and the trend seems to be increasing (Bassai). With the promise of wealth and prosperity many highly paid and highly trained workers were told by politicians that as long as they produced quality goods that their jobs were not threaten. This reassurance of job security was a lie. Companies such as Inglis, Molson, General Electric, Caterpillar, General Motors and Ford have uprooted their Canadian based factories, some of which had the highest quality standards in the industry. Many of these company employees feel not only abandoned by their employer, but by the federal government of Canada who promised economical growth. In 1991 Caterpillar shut down in Ontario, this shut down left 380 workers unemployed. By 1993 only 50 % of those 380 workers found employment. This reflects that in the auto industry one of every four workers is ether on UI or Welfare. The ...

Age and Gender Conflicts in the workplace Research Paper

Age and Gender Conflicts in the workplace - Research Paper Example This is so needed as there is room for understanding and empathy for one another and what must not take the rounds of organizations is a lack of civility and complete abhorrence with the standards and practices which are rampant in a workplace domain. Workplace conflicts can be of expounding nature because these bring about bad blood amongst the employees and they start feeling alienated for all the wrong reasons. What the top management does is important because it essentially decides the good and the bad aspects, and then passes on the directions to the human resources management department, which later on carries the same forward. Gender conflicts do arise when men and women have problem in working along with one another. These could mean that either of the two genders have issues in coordinating or getting along with each other. This could essentially hurt the basis of the business and bring problems left, right and center. The role of the leadership is one of an important one because it needs to decide for its own self what course of action to undertake. If the leadership is weak and compromising, then there is a good amount of material available with the research done that the conflicts would increase within the workplace with each passing day. Such discussions center on the dictum that work takes the back seat and foolish rifts crop up every now and then. This is a very discouraging situation at work and should be avoided as much as possible (Schultz 2003). If the leaders do not realize their due role, it would be very easy to deduce that they are not doing their jobs properly. What this also means is the fact that the leadership must pull up its socks so that the sanctity of the organization could be restored, and that there are minimal issues which crop up every now and then. The employees look up to the leaders, which in this case would comprise of the top level management and hence it is the duty of the latter to make sure that

Reflection of the Vision Module Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection of the Vision Module - Essay Example However, I soon realized that creativity is a funny thing. What sounds wildly creative and imaginative to one person sounds like a mess of silliness to another. Our first mistake as a group was not sorting out our differences from the beginning as to the very nature of the project itself. One idea that was pitched was a creative use of technology that involved newspaper headlines that were projected on a screen. This was my idea. Others in the group wanted a more traditional presentation of ideas through a featured lecturer set-up. Another faction of the group wanted to create a fully realized dramatic presentation complete with singing, poetry and props. We spent much energy and time trying to accommodate everyone’s ideas. There was a lot of conflict at this stage of the project, but that is to be expected. I kept thinking after each meeting that we would soon find something to do that everyone would be happy with, but after a while, I gave up hope. One of the biggest problem s was the fact that several group members refused to do anything that was not part of their original idea. Anything dramatic or any sort of performance was out of the question for these group members. We could not resolve this rift in the group, so we did something that in the end would prove to be unwise. We moved on with a hybrid of ideas that excluded these members. Basically, through frustration, the majority of the group sent a â€Å"like it or lump it† message to the minority that objected to the performance. This caused considerable problems. One is the fact that the few members that were marginalized failed to keep commitments and did not contribute much work towards the final product. This is understandable, but it really harmed our final product. We decided to write a dramatic performance that included technology I was in charge of utilizing. Just before the performance, some members wanted to make last minute changes to the script. There was a falling out among mem bers. Two members of the group sabotaged the performance by drawing the curtain and hiding behind it. Needless to say, the message of our presentation was somewhat lost among the chaos. Reflecting on this group learning activity really has been a thought provoking exercise. It has been a great opportunity to try something new, reflect on the possible mistakes and note how they could be avoided in the future. Themes that came up continually when I was thinking about this experience include group dynamics, group decision making, leadership styles and styles of communication. Reading about how groups form and share ideas has really helped me to better understand how this group learning activity could have been improved. Actually, the learning activity was great, it was the final product that needed to be improved. The idea that groups go through phases such as storming, norming and performing is interesting. Understanding that there will be differences of opinions in a group is powerfu l information that I do not think all of the members of our group understood. Looking back on the experience, too many people took criticism and critique personally, causing the group to stall in the storming phase. We never really established the norms of how the group should work. As a result, the person or people with the stormiest personalities got their way while the soft-spoken members were pushed to the side. Better resolution of the first phase of team formation would have led to a better end