How to Use Italian Definite Article Forms

The Italian definite article (articolo determinativo) indicates something well defined, which is assumed to be already acknowledged. If, for example, someone asks: Hai visto il professore? (Have you seen the professor?) they are alluding not to any professor, but to one in particular, that both the speaker and listener know. The definite article is also used to indicate a group (luomo à ¨ dotato di ragione, that is, ogni uomo—man is endowed with reason, every man), or to express the abstract (la pazienza à ¨ una gran virtà ¹Ã¢â‚¬â€patience is a great virtue); to indicate parts of the body (mi fa male la testa, il braccio—my head hurts, my arm), to refer to objects that belong strictly to oneself mi hanno rubato il portafogli, non trovo pià ¹ le scarpe—they stole my wallet, I cannot find my shoes), and is also used with nouns that signify something unique in nature (il sole, la luna, la terra—the sun, the moon, the earth) and the names of materials and matter (il grano, loro—wheat, gold). In certain contexts the Italian definite article functions as a demonstrative adjective (aggettivo dimostrativo): Penso di finire entro la settimana—I think Ill finish by the end of the week (or later this week); Sentitelo lipocrita!—Listen to him the hypocrite! (this hypocrite!) or a demonstrative pronoun (pronome dimostrativo): Tra i due vini scelgo il rosso—Between the two wines I choose the red, (the one thats red); Dei due attori preferisco il pià ¹ giovane—Of the two actors I prefer the younger (the one thats younger). The Italian definite article may also refer to individual members of a group: Ricevo il giovedà ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€I receive it Thursday (every Thursday); Costa mille euro il chilo (or al chilo)—It costs a thousand euro a kilogam (per kilogram), or time: Partirà ² il mese prossimo.—Im leaving next month (in next the month). Italian Definite Article FormsIl, iThe form il precedes masculine nouns beginning with a consonant except s consonant, z, x, pn, ps, and the digraphs gn and sc: il bambino, il cane, il dente, il fiore, il gioco, il liquorethe child, the dog, the tooth, the flower, the game, the liquor The corresponding form for the plural is i: i bambini, i cani, i denti, i fiori, i giochi, i liquorithe children, the dogs, the teeth, the flowers, the games, the liqueurs Lo (l), gliThe form lo precedes masculine nouns that begin: with s followed by another consonant: lo sbaglio, lo scandalo, lo sfratto, lo sgabello, lo slittino, lo smalto, lo specchio, lo studiothe mistake, the scandal, the evicted, the stool, the sled, the enamel, the mirror, the office with z: lo zaino, lo zio, lo zoccolo, lo zuccherothe backpack, the uncle, the clog, the sugar with x: lo xilofono, lo xilografothe xylophone, the engraver with pn and ps: lo pneumatico, lo pneumotorace; lo pseudonimo, lo psichiatra, lo psicologothe tire, the collapsed lung, the pseudonym, the psychiatrist, the psychologist with the digraphs gn and sc: lo gnocco, lo gnomo, fare lo gnorri; lo sceicco, lo sceriffo, lo scialle, lo scimpanzà ©the dumpling, the gnome, to play dumb; the sheikh, the sheriff, the shawl, the chimpanzee with the semivowel i: lo iato, lo iettatore, lo ioduro, lo yogurtthe hiatus, the evil eye, the iodide, the yogurt NOTE: Nevertheless, there are variations, especially before the consonant cluster pn; for example, in contemporary spoken Italian il pneumatico tends to prevail over lo pneumatico. Also, before the semivowel i the use is not constant; in addition to lo iato there is liato, but the elided form is less common. When preceding the semivowel u, its necessary to distinguish between Italian words, which take the article lo in the elided form (luomo, luovo), and words of foreign origin, which take the form il: il week-end, il whisky, il windsurf, il walkman, il word processorthe weekend, the whiskey, the windsurfer, the Walkman, the word processor. With plural nouns the forms gli (gli uomini) and i (i walkman, i week-end) are used respectively. For words starting with h use lo (gli, uno) when preceding an aspirated h: lo Hegel, lo Heine, lo hardwarethe Hegel, the Heine, the hardware. And use l when preceding a non-aspirated h: lhabitat, lharem, lhashishthe habitat, the harem, the hashish. NOTE: In contemporary colloquial Italian there is a preference for the elided form in all cases, since even foreign words with an aspirated h (for example the aforementioned hardware, as well as hamburgers, handicap, hobbies, etc.) usually have an Italianized pronunciation in which the h is muted. However, in adverbial phrases the form lo (instead of il) is common: per lo pià ¹, per lo meno, corresponding to the use of the definite article in early Italian. The form lo also precedes masculine nouns that begin with a vowel, but in this instance it is elided to l: labito, levaso, lincendio, lospite, lusignolothe dress, the fugitive, the fire, the guest, the nightingale. As previously noted, before the semivowel i there is typically no elision. The form corresponding to lo in the plural is gli: gli sbagli, gli zaini, gli xilofoni, gli (or also i) pneumatici, gli pseudonimi, gli gnocchi, gli sceicchi, gli iati, gli abiti, gli evasi, gli incendi, gli ospiti, gli usignoli NOTE: Gli can only be elided before i: glincendi (but more frequently the entire form is used). The gli form is used instead of i before the plural of dio: gli dà ¨i (in obsolete Italian gliddei, plural of iddio). La (l), leThe form la precedes feminine nouns starting with a consonant or the semivowel i: la bestia, la casa, la donna, la fiera, la giacca, la ienathe beast, the house, the woman, the fair, the jacket, the hyena. Before a vowel la is elided to l: lanima, lelica, lisola, lombra, lunghiathe soul, the propeller, the island, the shadow, the fingernail. The form corresponding to la in the plural is lei: le bestie, le case, le donne, le fiere, le giacche, le iene, le anime, le eliche, le isole, le ombre, le unghiethe animals, the houses, the women, the fairs, the jackets, the hyenas, the souls, the propellers, the islands, the shadows, the nails. Le may be elided only before the letter e (but this happens rarely, and almost always as a stylistic device in poetry): leliche—the propellers. With nouns starting with h, unlike the masculine form, the non-elided form predominates: la hall—the hall, la holding—the holding company.

A Brief History of the Clarinet

Most musical instruments evolved into their present forms so gradually over centuries that it is hard to pinpoint an exact date on which they were invented. However, this is not the case with the clarinet, a tubular single-reed instrument with a bell-shaped end.  Although the clarinet has seen a series of improvements over the last few hundred years, its invention in 1690 by Johann Christoph Denner of Nuremburg, Germany produced an instrument very similar to the one we know today. The Invention Denner based his clarinet  on an earlier instrument called the chalumeau, which looked much like a modern-day recorder but had a single-reed mouthpiece. However, his new instrument made such important changes that it really could not be called an evolution. With the help of his son, Jacob, Denner added two finger keys to a chalumeau. The addition of two keys might sound like a small change, but it made an enormous difference by increasing the musical range of the instrument more than two octaves. Denner also created a better mouthpiece and improved the bell shape at the end of the instrument. The name of the new instrument was coined shortly thereafter, and although there are different theories about the name, most likely it was named because its sound was somewhat similar to an early form of the trumpet (clarinetto is an Italian word for little trumpet). The new clarinet, with its improved range and interesting sound, quickly replaced the chalumeau in orchestral arrangements. Mozart wrote several pieces for the clarinet, and by the time of Beethovens prime years (1800–1820), the clarinet was a standard instrument in all orchestras. Further Improvements Over time, the clarinet saw the addition of more keys that further improved the range, as well as airtight pads that improved its playability. In 1812, Iwan Muller created a new type of keypad covered in leather or fish bladder skin. This was a great improvement over the felt pads being used, which leaked air. With this improvement, makers found it possible to increase the number of holes and keys on the instrument. In 1843, the clarinet was further evolved when French player Hyacinthe Klose adapted the Boehm flute key system to fit the clarinet. The Boehm  system added a series of rings and axles that made fingering easier, which greatly helped given the wide tonal range of the instrument. The Clarinet Today The soprano clarinet is one of the most versatile instruments in modern musical performance, and parts for it are included in classical orchestra pieces, orchestra band compositions, and jazz pieces. It is made in several different keys, including B-flat, E-flat, and A, and it is not uncommon for large orchestras to have all three. It is even sometimes heard in rock music. Sly and the Family Stone, the Beatles, Pink Floyd, Aerosmith, Tom Waits, and Radiohead are just some of the acts that have included the clarinet in recordings. The modern clarinet entered its most famous period during the big-band jazz era of the 1940s. Eventually, the mellower sound and easier fingering of the saxophone replaced the clarinet in some compositions, but even today, many jazz bands feature at least one clarinet. The clarinet has also helped to inspire the invention of other instruments, such as the flutophone. Famous Clarinet Players Some clarinet players are names many of us know, either as professionals or popular amateurs. Among the names you might recognize are:   Benny GoodmanArty ShawWoody HermanBob WilburWoody Allen

Labor and Delivery Services - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 367 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? The labor and delivery services are those services that are offered in the hospitals to the pregnant women during delivery such as the medical care and surgery. As a member of the committee for the hospital, I think the hospital within the Bright Road health care system should continue to deliver the labor and delivery services to pregnant women due to various reasons. To begin with, these services offer a safe process for the mothers when giving birth since the hospital provides a safe environment. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Labor and Delivery Services" essay for you Create order By delivering theses services, the hospital ensures there is an availability of effective equipment to avoid causing complications to the pregnant women. When the hospital continues to offer the labor and delivery services, the people in the surrounding society are served in the times of emergency for pregnant women as well as the costs are minimized. Finally, through the labor and delivery services, pregnant women are provided with information and assistance on how to handle the newborn child hence the hospital should not terminate the services. Such decision of continuing to offer the labor and delivery services will impact the hospital in that it will incur costs to increase the facilities such as the hospital beds and the staff to deliver services. At the same time, the hospital will be able to sell the services to the public hence attract many consumers for the labor and delivery services. Hence more revenue will be generated. The patients will receive a safe process of delivery since a safe environment will be enhanced through the provision of the labor and delivery services. The decision to continue providing the labor and the delivery services in the hospital will benefit the society since the adverse complications which may arise during labor and delivery are minimized, and the pregnant women are safe. In addition, the employment opportunities are provided to the members of the society. Finally, I recommend that the hospital should proceed and make the decision and continue to deliver the labor and delivery services to the pregnant women since the hospital, the patients, as well as the community, will benefit. In addition, the hospital will have the chance to expand and also market the services provided.

Essay on The Strengths and Weaknesses of International Law

Even after decades of relatively established pattern for the relations between the states there is still an ambiguity on the issue of state sovereignty. To which extent its’ violation could be justified? In the study of International Relations there are two major perspectives on the legitimacy of such actions, they are: liberal and realist. Whilst former advocates for this measures when the state itself violates human rights of the citizens and extended intervention is required (Kegley, 259), latter claims that the state sovereignty is the central assumption of this theoretical framework (Kegley, 28) and the actions that might infringe it are not legitimate. 2011 military intervention in Libya, intended to cease Gaddafi’s regime (UNSC),†¦show more content†¦Thus, when the Gaddafi’s regime continued to violate the human rights of the Libyan citizens the humanitarian intervention from the NATO members (UNSC) became inevitable. In this case according to Keg ley the human rights are universal political and social entitlements provided by the international law to all individuals (397). Furthermore, humanitarian intervention can be defined as the use of collaborated forces of foreign states or other actors in order to enforce peace into the state under the conditions of violations of these rights (Kegley, 397) and military necessity when the extreme cases allow to violate the rules of war (Kegley, 259). However, despite the fact that the international community almost immediately reacted on the escalation conflict in Libya and stopped the violation of human rights the question of the state sovereignty remains unsolved. Under the international law sovereignty means that there is no higher authority above the state (Kegley, 401) to prevent or force it to implement particular policies and it is the highest value in the international politics. Nevertheless, in this case it was violated by number of external actors. Their main justification of this intervention is the implementation of Responsibility to Protect the citizens from the acts of crime (Kegley, 401), which the government failed to fulfil. At the same time particular states that were willing to stop the violence in Libya violated the rights ofShow MoreRelatedPublic International Law Is Formed By Sovereign States1463 Words   |  6 PagesPublic International law is formed by sovereign states, for sovereign states and governed by the notion of consent. The international Court of Justice under the statute of Article 38, states that when disputes are presented they shall apply International Conventions (also known as treaties), international customs and general principals of law and it shall draw on judicial decisions and the teachings and writings of highly qualified publicists in determining rules of law . 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The Worst Storm in Canadian History Free Essays

string(42) " many forest ecosystems in North America\." Ice storms, also referred to as glaze storms, cause considerable damage every year to trees in urban and natural areas. They vary considerably in their severity and frequency. Ice storms are result of the ice formation process, which is influenced by general weather patterns. We will write a custom essay sample on The Worst Storm in Canadian History or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ice accumulates when super cooled rain freezes on contact with surfaces, such as tree branches, that are at or below the freezing point (0’C). This generally occurs when a winter warm front passes through an area after the ground-level temperature reaches or falls below freezing. Rain falls through layers of cooler air without freezing, becoming super cooled. Periodically, other climatic events, including stationary, occluded, and cold fronts, also result in ice storms. The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the1998 ice storm. This paper features three main section: An introduction, the main body (damage to woodland), and finally, a conclusion. In the main body of this paper, the effect of fire and pest/disease is discussed in detail. In the conclusion, comparison is made between fire and pests/disease versus ice storm. By the end of this paper, one should gain a better understanding of the severity of the 1998 ice storm as well as other damaging agents that affect the woodland in eastern North America Ice storms are often winter’s worst hazard. More slippery than snow, freezing rain or glaze is tough and tenacious, clinging to every object it touches. A little can be dangerous, a lot can be catastrophic. Ice storm in Northeastern America has been common but the 1998 ice storm was exceptional. Ice storms are a major hazard in all parts of Canada except the North, but are especially common from Ontario to Newfoundland. The severity of ice storms depends largely on the accumulation of ice, the duration of the event, and the location and extent of the area affected. Based on these criteria, Ice Storm’98 was the worst ever to hit Canada in recent memory. From January 5-10, 1998 the total water equivalent of precipitation, comprising mostly freezing rain and ice pellets and a bit of snow, exceeded 85 mm in Ottawa, 73 mm in Kingston, 108 in Cornwall and 100 mm in Montreal (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998). Previous major ice storms in the region, notably December 1986 in Ottawa and February 1961 in Montreal, deposited between 30 and 40 mm of ice – about half the thickness from the 1998 storm event! (Environmental Canada, Jan 12/1998). The extent of the area affected by the ice was enormous. Freezing precipitation is often described as â€Å"a line of† or â€Å"spotty occurrences of†. At the peak of the storm, the area of freezing precipitation extended from Muskoka and Kitchener in Ontario through eastern Ontario, western Quebec and the Eastern Townships to the Fundy coasts of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. What made the ice storm so unusual, though, was that it went on for so long. On average, Ottawa and Montreal receive freezing precipitation on 12 to 17 days a year. Each episode generally lasts for only a few hours at a time, for an annual average total between 45 to 65 hours. During Ice Storm’98, it did not rain continuously, however, the number of hours of freezing rain and drizzle was in excess of 80 – again nearly double the normal annual total. One of the most appealing features of Eastern Ontario is the extensive forest cover. This is made up of woodlands of varying structure. These woodlands, as well as natural fencerows, windbreaks, and plantations of pine and poplar, dominate the landscape. Icing impacts may best be understood by treating spatially larger scales, starting with individual trees, proceeding to stands, and finally to forest landscapes. Ice damage to trees can range from mere breakage of a few twigs, to bending stems to the ground, to moderate crown loss, to outright breakage of the trunk. In the 1998 Northeastern ice storm, icing lasted long enough that many trees which were bent over had their crowns glued to the snow surface by the ice in many instances for as long as 3 weeks. Some of those trees actually erect posture after release from the snow, while many others remain bent over after 2 years. The severity of damage is generally believed to be closely related to the severity of winds following the heaviest ice accumulations. Damage varies across a range of severity and subtlety: minor branch breakage; major branch loss; bending over of crowns; root damages; breakage of trunks and in some hardwoods, trunks can be split. Depending on the stand composition, the amount of ice accumulation, and the stand history, damage to stands can range from light and patchy to the total breakage of all mature stems. Complete flattening of stands occurred locally in the Northeaster 1998 storm. In response to more moderate damage, effects on stands could include: shifts in over story composition in favor of the most resistant trees; loss of stand growth until leaf area is restored; and loss of value of the growth due to staining or damage to stem form. The term landscape refers to a ‘group† or a ‘family† of trees. I use the term vaguely because the size and composition of landscapes differ from region to region. The degree of damage is typically highly skewed by area. For example, in the January 1998 Northeaster storm, 1,800,000 ha of damage in Quebec was assessed by the Ministry of Natural Resource: very severe 4.2%, severe 32.0%, moderate 29.9%, and slight/trace 33.9% (The Science of the Total Environment, Volume: 262, Issue: 3, November 15, 2000, pp. 231-242 ). The effects on entire forest landscapes are highly patchy and variable. They also depend significantly on how landowners respond to the damage. Disturbance caused by diseases, by themselves or in conjunction with disturbance by insects, abiotic factors such as drought, fire and wind, and, increasingly, human activities, has played a critical role in the dynamics of many forest ecosystems in North America. You read "The Worst Storm in Canadian History" in category "Essay examples" In the predominantly coniferous forests in western North America there are considerable areas undisturbed directly by human activities. In these areas, diseases kill trees or predispose them to other agents of disturbance, resulting in gradual change in stand composition and structure. In areas disturbed by forest management practices of harvesting or exclusion of fire, increased disease incidence and severity has increased the damage caused by disease, and consequently, the rate of change. In the absence of introduced diseases in the predominantly deciduous forests of the Appalachian region of eastern North America, forests are relatively healthy. Here, forests are disturbed significantly by disease only after they are disturbed or stressed by other agents, predominantly defoliating insects and drought. In the eastern montane coniferous forest, chronic wind damage is a major predisposing factor to disease. Past harvesting practices, introduced diseases and insects, and fire exclusion have in some instances resulted in large areas of similar species and relatively similar ages that exacerbate the magnitude and severity of disturbance by disease. Fire is predominantly a natural phenomenon that burns the forest vegetation, polluting the ozone and wiping out the biodiversity. One major distinction between ice storm and forest fire is the way disaster are caused. The majority of forest fire could arguably be a result of human action and ice storm as an ‘act of god,† an act that is out of human control. Foresters usually distinguish three types of forest fires: ground fires, which burn the humus layer of the forest floor but do not burn appreciably above the surface; surface fires, which burn forest undergrowth and surface litter; and crown fires, which advance through the tops of trees or shrubs. It is not uncommon for two or three types of fires to occur simultaneously. Forest management has been able to reduce the occurrence of this event but many forest fires are out of arm†s length. Humans cause the majority of forest fires. Campers that do not put out their bond fire or campers littering lit cigarette bud are responsible for such an action. Natural occurrence such as lightning could spark a forest fire but the probability is small compared to human action. The convention way of putting out or reducing the spread of forest fire has been airliners. These airliners are filled with gallons and galloons of water. With limited capacity, these airliners fly above the flame and deposit galloons of water. For the purpose of this paper, deforestation simply means the lost of trees where the lost of trees exceeds the level of sustainable development. One of the major effects of forest fire is the burning of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. This eventually creates a greenhouse affect and global warming. The effect damages our ecosystem as well as reduces one of Canada†s precious natural resource. Many projects, both from government funding and corporate sponsors, have done a good job increasing the awareness and risk related to deforestation. Pests directly affect the quantity and quality of forest nursery seedlings and can indirectly cause losses by disrupting reforestation plans or reducing survival of out planted stock. The movement of infested stock can disseminate pests to new areas. Since control of nursery pests may be based on pesticide usage, pest outbreaks may lead to environmental contamination. Woodland damage caused by livestock is a well-documented, yet persistent, forest health problem. Soil compaction, root disturbance and trunk/root collar damage caused by livestock reduce the vigor of trees. This paves the way for armillaria root rot, borers and other opportunistic organisms. Livestock also destroy the forest under story (reproduction), which hastens soil erosion and limits the future productivity of the site. The resulting forest decline reduces the quality, value and longevity of current and future trees on the site. Eliminating livestock from woodlands is the first step toward a healthier, more productive forest. As mentioned earlier in this paper, ice storm is a natural phenomenon caused by nature whereas forest fire are a result of human actions and preventable. One of the major differences between fire and ice storm is the rate of damage. Forest fire has a direct impact on the woodlands by changing the diversity of the landscape. Forest fire wipes out an entire landscape of trees causing a release of carbon dioxide. This ‘in lieu† effect results in global warming as well as greenhouse effect. The release of carbon dioxide has a long-term effect to our ecosystem. Carbon dioxide is trapped in our ozone layer making airways less preamble. This trapping effect eventually radiates heat causing global warming. The long-term effect is hazardous and changes our biodiversity. Ice storm has very little affect to our ozone layer. Damage to woodlands as a result of ice storm is concentrated within that area. Ice storm does not spread like fire does so areas that have been hit by an ice storm affect woodlands Pests and disease slowly eroded the quantity as well as quality of woodland. Infected woodland slows the development of growth by eroding the soil limiting the production of trees. Pest control and good forest management could improve the quality and well as productivity in these areas. Pests and diseases cause a slow change in biodiversity. As the woodland become infested, animals feeding from leafs and branch find it less desirable, eventually leaving the area in search of more suitable woodland. Similarly, forest fire, pests and disease spread but at a much slower rate. These agents infect the trees, eventually penetrating the roots and moving on to the next host. As mentioned previous, ice storm does not spread, rather the effect stays within the area. To conclude, fire and pests/disease are similar in the way these agents spread and infect their host. The preceding sentence can be best thought of as a virus infected it†s host as an analogy. Fire spreads at a much faster rate than pests/disease and the impact are instant. Both of these agents have long-term effect, which does not work in our favor. Ice storm affects the area it hits and will not spread. Furthermore, ice storms are predictable whereas fire is not since the cause of fire is human mistake and is hard to predict. Ice storms are not preventable but human actions can be prevented. The potential of damage from fire is far more severe than that of ice storm. We must increase the awareness to ensure that our woodland remains healthy and protect our ecosystem. 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Love and Death in Catcher In the Rye Essay Example For Students

Love and Death in Catcher In the Rye Essay JJ TomsEnglish 2Mrs. MackApril 8, 2014Love and Death in Catcher in the RyeIn this article written by Peter Shaw, Holden Caulfield a fictional character in the world famous novel The Catcher in the Rye gets deeply analyzed. Holden is seen by many as a mentally disturbed adolescent but the source of this disturbance puzzles numerous people who attempt to analyze his mental state. Some believe that society has caused him to become mad and others believe that the source of his insanity stems from a commonly known illness, schizophrenia. Shaw on the other hand has a completely different view on why Holden is the way he is. In Peter Shaws eyes, he sees the guilt that Holden carries from the death of his older brother Allie who died at the age of 10. He also observes that Holden suppresses his ability to fully mature and he also is a slave to the curse of adolescence that we all have experienced at one time or another. Holden Caulfield does not allow himself to move on from his brothers death and continuously carries an unneeded burden of the fault of his siblings passing. Shaw explains that Holdens constant self talking lets him convince himself that he is in fact crazy and the cause of the destruction in his family. Along with blaming himself, he also blames his little sister and says that she also killed Allie even though the child was merely a baby at the time. This form of killed though was not literal but in a figurative meaning of her amusing Allie. Peter Shaw concludes that his inability to not bury Allie and other things from his past has paralyzed him from the maturing process that any normal child would be experiencing. His mourning is continuous and does not allow him to recognize reality from fantasy thus permitting himself to coax the auto diagnosis of craziness. Peter Shaw elucidates the fact that Holden has a habit of prohibiting the idea of both love and death. When he first goes t o the Museum of Natural History he is engrossed in the dioramas of American Indian life. The diorama portrays a couple as he assumes doing their daily works of fishing and weaving and seems to be in complete harmony. None of the exhibits especially this one will ever age of change and the serenity of the image are eternal which gives him a sense of relief. The comparison of this Utopian couple and the exact opposite, Holdens own parents, offsets him and causes him to envision the nonstop fighting that occurs in his home. The Indian couple will never change and never have to move from the spot that they stand in at that moment. Peter Shaw relates this to Holdens idea of maturity and how the burden of becoming an adult can disrupt the serenity of the love that is in front of him which causes him to put a permanent moratorium on love. Holden has a fantasy of being the catcher in the rye. This fantasy is the protector of children who are running throughout the rye fields and are destined to fall off the cliff. Shaw examines this as him catching the children from falling off the cliff which can be perceived as them falling into adulthood and out of their childhood. He wants to catch them from falling into mourning and from what shortly follows that, falling into love. Holden truly believes that adulthood is the key to eternal damnation and unhappiness and the only way to sustain the happiness at hand is to maintain the childhood. When he visits the second museum he finds himself in an exhibit that holds many mummies. Holden experiences a short of ease and a comfort in this room because just like the other, everything will always stay the same. Peter Shaw then concludes that this comfort can also be accompanied by the desire for Allie to be preserved in the room with him, never changing and entitled to an everlasting adolescence. Peter Shaw examines Holdens character as both very observant of the society around him but at the same time has a fallacious judgment from the little information that he holds. Holden represents in the eyes of Shaw, an extreme case of juvenile madness cause by the chains of a guilty conscience, an inability to free himself from the idea of maturity as unhappiness and a perceptive outlook on the world. .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .postImageUrl , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:visited , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:active { border:0!important; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transitio n: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:active , .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text- decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331 .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uedf1d640f2d859aca35e06d255b82331:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Great Gatsby's American Dream Essay

The Fountainhead CompareCont Essay Research Paper In free essay sample

The Fountainhead, Compare/Cont Essay, Research Paper In Ayn Rand s The Fountainhead, there are 2 sort of attitudes and characters which pull from each other and do up the struggle of the narrative. There is Howard Roark the independently believing creative person, and supporter of the narrative, and Henry Cameron, the adult male who had values like Roark, but sold out on his beliefs. There is Peter Keating, the second-hander, who takes recognition for Roark s work, and is more disquieted about what other people think so of what his ain beliefs are. He is similar to Ellsworth Toohey, a parasite to Roark, but worst so Keating because he is non after success in some calling, but instead after power and the devastation of others. Gail Wynand and Dominique Francon are the most unusual and hard brace in the book. Gail Wynand is the industrialist of the narrative, and with his industrial strength, he finds the manner to crush people down with it. Dominique Francon has an interior struggle with herself, with her beliefs in strength and power or honestness and power colliding with each other. Howard Roark s morality and finding are what makes him the narrative s supporter. The fresh centres around the resistance to him from many people. However, Roark neer backs down from the resistance and at the terminal finally conquers it. His attack to life is one of individuality. Even though Cameron held the same ethical motives and beliefs as Roark, he backed down from the resistance and would even do an attempt to convey Roark down with him. While Roark represents a individual who has assurance in what he believes and in honestness, Cameron is a individual who s beliefs weren T strong plenty therefore he surrendered into holding the same ideals as everyone else. Cameron is similar to many Americans during Pre-Civil War times, when many realized bondage was a bad thing, but most forged their beliefs in order to appeal to popular sentiment. # 8220 ; Thousands of old ages ago, the first adult male discovered how to do fire. He was likely burned at the interest he had taught his bro thers to visible radiation. He was considered an sinner # 8230 ; # 8221 ; Peter Keating was the complete antonym of Roark. He would instead appeal to the populace so utilize his ain opinion when doing a determination. He besides is the type that deceives and manipulates people. A all right illustration of this can be found on page 60 where Peter says to Katie, # 8220 ; You see, Katie, you don # 8217 ; T cognize me. I # 8217 ; m the sort that uses people. I don # 8217 ; t want to utilize you. He designs by copying Masterss of the yesteryear, and whenever he needs aid, he asks Ro Ark, so takes all the recognition for himself. His work was second-rate, and really practical, yet he was successful because he appealed to what the populace had been brainwashed into thought was good. Keating besides rises because of the support he receives from Toohey. Toohey is like Keating in that he uses people. In fact Keating is a tool for Toohey, in his pursuit to destruct Roark. Toohey is pure immorality. Unlike Keating, his motivation is non success, but alternatively power and the devastation of Roark. He has a vested involvement in the dependence of followings. That is how he controlled Keating. This makes him the scoundrel of the narrative. Gail Wynand went from shreds to wealths through difficult work, finding, and glare. Wynand is the industrialist in the narrative. Hated and feared, contending the system with his political strength instead than with his strength of will and his honestness, Gail is the antonym of people like Henry Cameron. While Cameron was a adult male of artistic strength beaten for his deficiency of interior strength, Wynand is the adult male of industrial strength who is crushing people with it. Dominique is another force Roark must cover with. Dominique cooperates to convey down Roark ; but queerly she does this out of love for him. In an effort to crush Roark down, she marries Peter Keating. After detecting that he is but a tool of others, she leaves him for Wynand, and discovers that here is a adult male she can love # 8211 ; or is he? Dominique changes her motive to take Roark down upon the realisation that she loves him. The dynamiting of the Cortland Homes lodging undertaking and the courtroom determination to assoil Roark for it is what brings both Gail and Dominique to recognize that one can non accomplish baronial terminals by corrupt agencies, and that immorality is impotent and can non basically ache the good. Howard Roark was the lone person in The Fountainhead. This was a ground for his unpopularity with the remainder of the characters in the book. No 1 was willing to accept alteration. Cameron was a victim of a weak finding, and he wasn t ready to be disliked in the same method Roark was. Wynand, although he had good purposes, carried them out in the improper manner. This holds true for Dominique every bit good. Keatling s free lading second-handedness eventually is revealed at the terminal, and he gets displayed as the fraud that he is. Toohey s evil efforts to destroy Roark are besides defeated at the terminal, when the tribunal acquits Roark of the dynamiting. Toohey could non pinion a creater such as Roark, who was willing to contend proudly in what he believed in.